A BRIEF REVIEW ON THIAZOLIDINONES AND AZETIDINONES: SYNTHESIS ANDBIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES

Abstract

Heterocyclic chemistry is considered as the versatile field which studies the synthesis, properties and applications of the same. These hetero molecules are in many of the natural products and have a great potential to show various biological properties and activities. Thiazolidinone, a saturated analogue of thiazole, is a five-membered ring with sulphur, carbonyl group on the fourth carbon and the most important one i.e. nitrogen which is responsible for most of the biological properties. The molecule has active 2, 3 and 5-positions, where a large number of substitutions are possible that lead to enhance the properties of the derivatives. So this molecule has been always a big target to researchers and is known to own numerous biological activities viz. anti-HIV activity, anticonvulsant, antimicrobial, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory etc. On the same note, the cyclic azetidinone moiety has been used as a template to build many of the heterocyclic structures fused to the four-membered rings. Azetidin-2-ones have received special attention mainly due to antibacterial properties of cephalosporins and penicillin. Azetidinones is also an exceptional class of compounds which is known to possess a number of activities such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, tryptase inhibitory, antihyperlipidemic, human leukocyte elastase inhibitory, CNS activity, antitubercular, antihyperglycemic, pesticidal, antitumor, anticancer activity, antimicrobial, enzyme inhibitors, cholesterol absorption, cytotoxic and elastase inhibitors etc. Through this present review article, we are making a sincere effort to compile all the goodness of these two wonder moieties concerning their synthesis along with some green synthetic steps and biological activities to ease and enhance further research on them.