Impact of Bioactive Compounds of Mucuna monosperma on Antioxidant Enzymes in PD Lines Drosophila melanogaster

Abstract

Parkinson's disease (PD), the most common neurodegenerative ailment, is caused by from progressive damage in dopamine-secreting cells in the substantianigra. Oxidative stress plays a major role in the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in PD. All organisms have developed adaptive responses to oxidative stress that result in increased production of defensive enzymes and antioxidant molecules. The mutations in α-synuclein protein has a role in modulating the dopamine activity. In this study, we have illustrated the protective effects of bioactive compounds of Mucuna monosperma (MM) against paraquat (PQ)-induced oxidative stress in a transgenic Parkinson's disease model (Elav/SNCA^A30P) of Drosophila melanogaster.  The isolated L-Dopa and Ursolic compounds exhibit antioxidant property.  The activity of antioxidant enzymes and LPO has been measured in L-dopa and Ursolic acid supplemented PD lines under oxidative stress conditions. The oxidative stress caused by PQ was averted and antioxidant enzyme activity was significantly increased in flies which were fed with a mixture of L-Dopa and Ursolic acid. SOD activities were  elevated by 4.2 fold, CAT  activates were increased by  3.8 fold and G6Pd activates were increased  by 4.6 fold under stress conditions. The synergetic effect of these bioactive compounds decreases the LPO activity by 2 fold with the increase of glutathione by 3.36 fold in transgenic PD flies. Based on the findings, we speculate that L-Dopa with Ursolic acid of Mucuna monosperma prevents the oxidative stress-related disorders and can be used as possible therapeutic agent against PD disorder.