Exploring the Potential of Dyadobacter fermentans JDP9 Biosurfactants an Antibacterial and Antifouling Biocompatible Agent

Abstract

This study investigated the antibacterial and antiadhesive properties of a biosurfactant (BS) produced by Dyadobacter fermentans JDP9 against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The presence of BS was confirmed using oil spreading test, drop collapsing test and emulsification test. The BS demonstrated antimicrobial effects against Bacillus subtilis, Enterobacter aerogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Streptococcus faecalis at a 500 mg/mL concentration. Using a 96-well microtiter plate, the results indicated that both antibacterial and antiadhesive activities increased with higher BS concentrations. Glass slides coated with BS showed significantly reduced biofilm formation compared to control slides. The BS inhibited 71% of P. aeruginosa biofilm formation on a medical-grade catheter. Vero cells treated with BS exhibited moderate morphological changes with an IC₅₀ value of 217.5 μg/mL, indicating biocompatibility at 200 μg/mL. These findings suggest that BS, with its antibacterial, anti-adhesive, and biocompatible properties, holds potential as a biodegradable antifouling agent.