Successful Management of Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis Following Dengue Infection: A Rare Case Report

Abstract

This case report presents the clinical course of an 18-year-old patient who presented with a constellation of symptoms including fever, vomiting, diplopia, blurred vision, and progressive alteration of sensorium. Laboratory investigations revealed a positive dengue NS1 antigen test. Through a meticulous differential diagnosis process, Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM) was established as the most probable etiology based on clinical presentation and neuroimaging findings. The therapeutic regimen included intravenous and oral corticosteroids, adjunctive antibiotic therapy, intravenous immunoglobulin, and antiepileptic medication. The patient demonstrated a favorable clinical trajectory with significant improvement observed on the 19th day of hospitalization. This case report underscores the intricate diagnostic and therapeutic considerations crucial for achieving optimal patient outcomes in ADEM.