Photochemical Smog Pollution and Its Mitigation Measures

Abstract

Photochemical smog is a unique type of air pollution. In the 1940s a new type of smog, known as photochemical smog, was first described in Los Angeles. Major Air Pollutants responsible for photochemical smog are carbon oxides (CO, CO2) , nitrogen oxides and nitric acid (NO, NO2, HNO3) , sulphur dioxide and sulphuric acid (SO2, H2SO4), suspended particulate matter (SPM) ,ozone (O3) ,volatile organic compounds (VOCs).The reactions that lead to the formation of photochemical smog. Photochemical smog is a serious problem in many cities and continues to harmful for senior citizens, children, and people with heart and lung conditions such as emphysema, bronchitis and asthma. Vegetation is easily harmed main agents of damage are ozone and PAN. Smog can also accelerate the deterioration of rubber, plastics, paints and dyes, damage to metals, stone, concrete, clothing, rubber and plastic is directly related to contaminants in the air. Photochemical ozone concentrations can be decreased by reduction in hydrocarbon and other VOC emissions and by reduction in NOx but there is a non-linear (and sometimes inverse) dependence of ozone production on precursor emissions have developed models to predict ozone concentrations and their response to different control measures.