A REVIEW ON ROLE OF MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF DIABETIC RETINOPATHY

Abstract

It is a well known fact that diabetes is the worldwide threat, which may lead to multiorgan dysfunction. Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder with the hyperglycemia, if not treated, may lead to cause many complications within the body. Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a common cause in the chronic diabetes patients. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are the proteinases that plays crucial role in the development of DR by degrading the extracellular components. Activated gelatinase MMPs (MMPs-2 and MMPs-9) destroy the mitochondria and degrades Blood Retinal Barrier (BRB) from this rises the capillary cell apoptosis in retina. The BRB, which causes DR, is critically affected by MMP-2 and MMP-9. This study will concentrate on the diabetic retinopathy, with the emphasis on MMPs mediated general pathological role, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, general mechanism involved in the development of DR, and various types of MMPs and angiogenesis.