SYNTHESIS OF DITHIOPHOSPHATE COMPOUNDS AND EVALUATION OF PERFORMANCES AS ANTIWEAR AND ANTIFRICTION LUBRICANT ADDITIVES

Abstract

ZDDPs are the most widely used antiwear additive in lubricants. It adds several performances attributes to lubricant but also adds to metal ashes produced due to the aging and burning of the lubricants. Being the major contributor to the ash produced by lubricants, Zinc needs to be replaced or removed out to claim lubricants ashless. This paper gives insights on various dithiophosphate compounds that can be considered a replacement to the ZDDP without compromising the performance of lubricants. In this study, the synthesis methods were analyzed for ashless dithiophosphate compounds. These compounds were tested on a four-ball machine to compare their performance with ZDDP. The effect of the carbon chain length of the alkyl group attached to the dithiophosphate group was also analyzed.